Is there any more extensive description available of the 'display' property, beyond the enumeration at
http://www.princexml.com/doc/6.0/properties/display/
?

There are more details on this property in the CSS 2.1 specification.

Ah, I thought these table displays were Prince inventions!

Nope, Internet Explorer hasn't supported them up until now, so they haven't seen widespread use on the web. However, the recent announcement that IE8 will pass the Acid2 test implies that there will be universal support for these values in all browsers soon, or at least when everyone stops using IE5 and 6.