CSS Properties

Below are all of the CSS properties supported by Prince. For their precise definitions please refer to the CSS specifications.

The properties marked with an asterisk (*) and a darker background color shade are Prince extensions, while the extension values of a standard property are highlighted with a light grey background. Besides the standard -prince- prefix, Prince also accepts prince- as a vendor prefix for Prince-specific CSS properties.

The properties with a line-through are deprecated properties, support might be removed in a future Prince version.

For the values, the grammar draws on the CSS Values and Units Module Level 3 specification. A short explanation of the signs:

  • A bar (|) separates two or more alternatives: exactly one of them must occur.
  • A double bar (||) separates two or more options: one or more of them must occur, in any order.
  • A double ampersand (&&) separates two or more components, all of which must occur, in any order.
  • Square brackets ([ ]) are only used for grouping.
  • An asterisk (*) indicates that the preceding item occurs zero or more times.
  • A plus (+) indicates that the preceding item occurs one or more times.
  • A question mark (?) indicates that the preceding item is optional (occurs zero or one times).
  • A hash mark (#) indicates that the preceding item occurs one or more times, separated by comma tokens.
  • A comma-separated pair of numbers in curly braces ({A,B}) indicates that the preceding item occurs at least A and at most B times.

Prince also supports the two special keywords initial and inherit on all properties.

Toggle (open/close) all properties

--custom-property-name
Syntax
--custom-property-name: <declaration-value>?
Initial value the guaranteed-invalid value
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property family, called custom properties, and used to define the substitution value of var() functions, is defined as any valid identifier that starts with two dashes. Custom properties are solely for use by authors and users; CSS will never give them a meaning beyond what is presented in the specification.

Please check the specification for details on the custom properties.

Unlike other CSS properties, custom property names are case-sensitive.

align-content
Syntax
align-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | space-between | space-around | stretch
Initial value stretch
Applies to multi-line flex containers
Inherited no
align-items
Syntax
align-items: flex-start | flex-end | center | baseline | stretch
Initial value stretch
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
align-self
Syntax
align-self: auto | flex-start | flex-end | center | baseline | stretch
Initial value auto
Applies to flex items
Inherited no
alternate-color*
Syntax
alternate-color: <color>
Initial value ""
Applies to @prince-color at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-color  TestColor { alternate-color: cmyk(1, 0, 0, 0) }
    color: prince-color(TestColor)
Comments

This descriptor takes an RGB or CMYK color in any of the valid notations for RGB and CMYK colors, that will be used to display the color being defined, when the named color is not available. Please note that it cannot be RGBA or CMYKA.

A color value must be specified for the rule to be valid.

See Also
background
Initial value transparent
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The background property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

However, a few issues need to be noted:

Each comma-separated iteration of a background declaration defines one background layer - but background-color is only allowed in the last layer.

Several properties allow for comma-separated value lists - however, when used in the background shorthand property, only one value for each layer is allowed.

Also, Prince requires background-origin and background-clip to be adjacent.

background-attachment
Syntax
background-attachment: [ scroll | fixed bleed? ]#
Initial value scroll
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                @page {
    background-attachment: fixed bleed;
    background-size: cover;
}
Comments

The background-attachment property determines the origin of the coordinate system for background images. The default value of scroll will position background images based on an origin at the top-left corner of the padding area of the current element, while a value of fixed places the origin at the top-left corner of the page box.

The optional bleed modifier allows a background image to cover the entire page bleed area when used together with background-size: cover.

The background-attachment property only changes the origin of the coordinate system used to position the image; the background image will still only be shown within the padding area of the current element.

This property can also be set by the background shorthand.

See Also
background-color
Syntax
background-color: <color>
Initial value transparent
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
background-clip
Syntax
background-clip: [ content-box | padding-box | border-box ]#
Initial value border-box
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
background-image
Syntax
background-image: [ none | url( <filename> ) | linear-gradient( ... ) | radial-gradient( ... ) | repeating-linear-gradient( ... ) | repeating-radial-gradient( ... ) ]#
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
background-image-resolution*
Syntax
background-image-resolution: <dpi> | normal | auto [ , normal | <dpi> ]?
Initial value normal
Applies to background image elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the resolution of a background image. The value normal means 96dpi, or else the current CSS DPI setting. A custom DPI value can also be specified. The value auto means to check the original resolution of the image. One can specify a second value, as for example auto, normal or auto, 300dpi in order to check the original resolution of the image first, and to fall back on the second value if the image doesn't contain resolution information.

The property -prince-background-image-resolution can be used as an alias.

See Also
background-origin
Syntax
background-origin: [ content-box | padding-box | border-box ]#
Initial value padding-box
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
background-position
Syntax
background-position:
[ left | center | right | top | bottom | <length-percentage> | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ] | [ [ center | [ left | right ] <length-percentage>? ] && [ center | [ left | right ] <length-percentage>? ] ] ]#
Initial value top left
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The background-position property determines the position of the background image relative to the top-left corner of the padding area of the element in which it appears.

The background-attachment property can be used to change the origin relative to which the background image is positioned.

This property can also be set by the background shorthand.

background-repeat
Syntax
background-repeat: [ repeat-x | repeat-y | [ repeat | space | round | no-repeat ]{1,2} ]#
Initial value repeat
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The background-repeat property determines whether the background image is repeated to cover the padding area of the current element with a rectangular tiling, or only repeated horizontally or vertically, or only drawn once and not repeated at all.

This property can also be set by the background shorthand.

background-size
Syntax
background-size: [ contain | cover | [ auto | <length-percentage> ]{1,2} ]#
Initial value auto auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
baseline-shift
Syntax
baseline-shift: baseline | sub | super | <percent> | <length>
Initial value baseline
Applies to inline elements
Inherited no
Comments

The baseline-shift property only applies to SVG text elements.

Specification
bleed
Syntax
bleed: auto | <length>{1,4}
Initial value auto
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { bleed: 10mm }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to specify the size of the bleed area of the page when crop marks are enabled.

bookmark-label*
Syntax
bookmark-label: none | <content>
Initial value content()
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the text content of the PDF bookmark generated by the current element.

Several ways of creating content are here defined by means of functions - the detailed explanation can be found in the Generated Content Functions section.

Even though the initial value for this property is content(), no PDF bookmark will be generated by default as the initial value for the -prince-bookmark-level property is none.

See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property -prince-bookmark-label can be used as an alias.

Specification
bookmark-level*
Syntax
bookmark-level: none | <integer>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the numeric level in the bookmark hierarchy of the PDF bookmark generated by the current element. See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property -prince-bookmark-level can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
bookmark-state*
Syntax
bookmark-state: open | closed
Initial value open
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine whether the bookmark tree item is open or closed when the PDF is first viewed. In this way you can close each chapter and hide the subsections for documents that are very long, or you can choose to have a deep bookmark tree.

The property -prince-bookmark-state can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
bookmark-target*
Syntax
bookmark-target: self | url( <target-url> ) | attr( <target-attr> )
Initial value self
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the link target for the PDF bookmark generated by the current element. See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property -prince-bookmark-target can be used as an alias.

See Also
border
Syntax
border: <color> || <border-style> || <border-width>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-bottom
Syntax
border-bottom: <color> || <border-style> || <border-width>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-bottom property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-bottom-color
Syntax
border-bottom-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-bottom-style
Syntax
border-bottom-style: none | hidden | solid | dashed | dotted | double | groove | ridge | inset | outset
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-bottom-width
Syntax
border-bottom-width: thin | medium | thick | <length>
Initial value medium
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Even though the initial value for this property is medium, no bottom border will be shown by default as the initial value for border-bottom-style is none.

This property can also be set by the shorthands border, border-bottom, and border-width.

border-clip
Syntax
border-clip: normal | <length> | <percent>
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-collapse
Syntax
border-collapse: separate | collapse
Initial value separate
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines whether tables use separate table and cell borders or collapse the table and cell borders together. See the Tables documentation for more details.

Specification
border-color
Syntax
border-color: <color>{1,4}
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-color property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
border-left
Syntax
border-left: <color> || <border-style> || <border-width>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-left property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-left-color
Syntax
border-left-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-left-style
Syntax
border-left-style: none | hidden | solid | dashed | dotted | double | groove | ridge | inset | outset
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-left-width
Syntax
border-left-width: thin | medium | thick | <length>
Initial value medium
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Even though the initial value for this property is medium, no left border will be shown by default as the initial value for border-left-style is none.

This property can also be set by the shorthands border, border-left, and border-width.

border-radius
Syntax
border-radius: <length-percentage>{1,4} [ / <length-percentage>{1,4} ]?
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-radius property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-bottom-left-radius
Syntax
border-bottom-left-radius: <length-percentage>{1,2}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-bottom-right-radius
Syntax
border-bottom-right-radius: <length-percentage>{1,2}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-top-left-radius
Syntax
border-top-left-radius: <length-percentage>{1,2}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-top-right-radius
Syntax
border-top-right-radius: <length-percentage>{1,2}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-right
Syntax
border-right: <color> || <border-style> || <border-width>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-right property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-right-color
Syntax
border-right-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-right-style
Syntax
border-right-style: none | hidden | solid | dashed | dotted | double | groove | ridge | inset | outset
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-right-width
Syntax
border-right-width: thin | medium | thick | <length>
Initial value medium
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Even though the initial value for this property is medium, no right border will be shown by default as the initial value for border-right-style is none.

This property can also be set by the shorthands border, border-right, and border-width.

border-spacing
Syntax
border-spacing: <length>{1,2}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the spacing between table cell borders for tables that use the separated table border model. See the Tables documentation for more details.

Specification
border-style
Syntax
border-style: <border-style>{1,4}
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-style property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-top
Syntax
border-top: <color> || <border-style> || <border-width>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-top property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

border-top-color
Syntax
border-top-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-top-style
Syntax
border-top-style: none | hidden | solid | dashed | dotted | double | groove | ridge | inset | outset
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
border-top-width
Syntax
border-top-width: thin | medium | thick | <length>
Initial value medium
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Even though the initial value for this property is medium, no top border will be shown by default as the initial value for border-top-style is none.

This property can also be set by the shorthands border, border-top, and border-width.

border-width
Syntax
border-width: [ thin | medium | thick | <length> ]{1,4}
Initial value medium
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The border-width property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

bottom
Syntax
bottom: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the bottom offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

Specification
box-decoration-break
Syntax
box-decoration-break: slice | clone
Initial value clone
Applies to block elements and tables
Inherited no
Comments

This property is only supported on block elements and tables. Also note that Prince defaults to clone.

box-shadow
Syntax
box-shadow: none | [ inset? && <length>{2,4} && <color>? ]#
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The value is either none, or a comma-separated list of shadows to apply.

Within each comma-separated shadow, the first two lengths are the horizontal and vertical offsets. If a third length is given, it is the blur radius. If a fourth length is given, then it is the spread radius.

If no color is given for a shadow then it defaults to currentColor.

box-sizing
Syntax
box-sizing: content-box | padding-box | border-box
Initial value content-box
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
break-after
Syntax
break-after: auto | -prince-prefer? [ avoid | avoid-page | avoid-column ] | column | page | left | right | recto | verso
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to force or suppress page breaks after an element.

The values avoid-page and avoid-column each behave as simply avoid: it is not possible to avoid page breaks without also avoiding column breaks.

For avoid* values not preceded by -prince-prefer, content before the avoided break will be pushed to the next column or page if necessary to avoid breaking there.

The keyword -prince-prefer is only accepted by Prince for Books. If an avoid* value is preceded by -prince-prefer, then Prince for Books will try to avoid breaking there, but not at the cost of introducing an obvious gap at the end of the previous column or page: it will only use whatever flexibility has been granted with -prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination, -prince-spread-length-options or -prince-resize-options.

See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

break-before
Syntax
break-before: auto | -prince-prefer? [ avoid | avoid-page | avoid-column ] | page | left | right | recto | verso | column
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to force or suppress page breaks before an element.

The values avoid-page and avoid-column each behave as simply avoid: it is not possible to avoid page breaks without also avoiding column breaks.

For avoid* values not preceded by -prince-prefer, content before the avoided break will be pushed to the next column or page if necessary to avoid breaking there.

The keyword -prince-prefer is only accepted by Prince for Books. If an avoid* value is preceded by -prince-prefer, then Prince for Books will try to avoid breaking there, but not at the cost of introducing an obvious gap at the end of the previous column or page: it will only use whatever flexibility has been granted with -prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination, -prince-spread-length-options or -prince-resize-options.

See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

break-inside
Syntax
break-inside: auto | -prince-prefer? [ avoid | avoid-page | avoid-column ]
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to suppress page breaks inside an element. See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

caption-page*
Syntax
caption-page: first | following | all
Initial value first
Applies to table elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines whether table captions will be displayed on the first page of a table, or only on following pages, or repeated on every page that a table appears on.

The property -prince-caption-page can be used as an alias.

See Also
caption-side
Syntax
caption-side: top | bottom
Initial value top
Applies to table-caption elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines whether table captions will be displayed at the top or bottom of the table.

See Also
Specification
clear
Syntax
clear: none | left | right | inside | outside | both | page | column | end
Initial value none
Applies to block-level elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines whether an element should be moved down the page in order to clear elements that have been floated to the left or right of the page. The left, right, inside and outside values correspond to values given to the float property, while both will clear floats on either side.

The keyword end clears the float, and places the next float in the next available position — so if e.g. you have a column layout with a float already at the top of the first column, it will place the next float, whose natural position would be just below the first one, at the bottom of the same column.

The keyword column clears the end of the column (so any further float would be pushed to the next column), while the keyword page clears the page (pushing further floats to the next page).

The property -prince-clear can be used as an alias.

See Also
clip
Syntax
clip: auto | rect( [ auto | <length> ]{4} )
Initial value auto
Applies to absolutely positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the clipping rectangle for absolutely positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of absolute or fixed).

Specification
clip-path
Syntax
clip-path: none | url( <path> )
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The clip-path property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
clip-rule
Syntax
clip-rule: nonzero | evenodd
Initial value nonzero
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The clip-rule property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
color
Syntax
color: <color>
Initial value black
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

See the Color section for supported color values.

See Also
Specification
color-interpolation
Syntax
color-interpolation: auto | sRGB | linearRGB
Initial value sRGB
Applies to SVG mask element
Inherited yes
Comments

Please note that this property is only applied on the SVG mask element.

Specification
color-interpolation-filters
Syntax
color-interpolation-filters: auto | sRGB | linearRGB
Initial value linearRGB
Applies to all SVG filter primitives
Inherited yes
Specification
column-break-after
Syntax
column-break-after: auto | always
Initial value auto
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is deprecated. Use break-after:column instead. See the documentation for Columns for more details.

See Also
column-break-before
Syntax
column-break-before: auto | always
Initial value auto
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is deprecated. Use break-before:column instead. See the documentation for Columns for more details.

See Also
column-count
Syntax
column-count: auto | <number>
Initial value auto
Applies to non-replaced block-level elements (except table elements), table cells, and inline-block elements
Inherited no
See Also
column-fill
Syntax
column-fill: auto | balance
Initial value balance
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
See Also
column-gap
Syntax
column-gap: <length> | <percent> | normal
Initial value normal
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
See Also
column-rule
Initial value none
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
Comments

The column-rule property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
column-rule-color
Syntax
column-rule-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
column-rule-style
Syntax
column-rule-style: none | solid | dashed | dotted | double | groove | ridge | inset | outset
Initial value none
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
See Also
column-rule-width
Syntax
column-rule-width: thin | medium | thick | <length>
Initial value medium
Applies to multicol elements
Inherited no
Comments

Even though the initial value for this property is medium, no column rule will be shown by default as the initial value for column-rule-style is none.

This property can also be set by the column-rule shorthand.

See Also
column-span
Syntax
column-span: none | <integer> | all
Initial value none
Applies to in-flow block-level elements
Inherited no
Comments

A numeric column-span value other than 1 will only affect column floats. The numeric value 1 is treated as equivalent to the keyword none.

See Also
column-width
Syntax
column-width: auto | <length>
Initial value auto
Applies to non-replaced block-level elements (except table elements), table cells, and inline-block elements
Inherited no
See Also
columns
Syntax
columns: <'column-count'> || <'column-width'>
Initial value auto
Applies to non-replaced block-level elements (except table elements), table cells, and inline-block elements
Inherited no
Comments

The columns property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
content
Syntax
content: normal | none | flow( <name>, <page-policy>? ) | [ <string> | url( <filename> ) | counter( <name>, <counter-style>?, <page-policy>? ) | counters( <name>, <separator>, <counter-style>?, <page-policy>? ) | target-counter( <url>, <counter>, <counter-style>? ) | target-counters( <url>, <counter>, <separator>, <counter-style>? ) | target-content( <url> ) | leader( <...> | dotted | solid | space, <length>? ) | string( <ident>, <page-policy>? ) | content( ) | prince-base-url( ) | prince-script( <ident>, <text-content>* ) | prince-glyph-index( <integer> ) | prince-expansion-text( <expansion>, <text-content> ) | element( <name>, <page-policy>? ) ]+ | prince-fallback( <url> ) [ , <content>+ ]?
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, tree-abiding pseudo-elements, and page regions
Inherited no
Comments

The content property can be used to insert text and other content into the original document. The uses are very wide-ranging and are treated in more depth in the Generated Content section.

Several ways of creating content are here defined by means of functions - the detailed explanation can be found in the Generated Content Functions section.

counter-increment
Syntax
counter-increment: none | [ <name> <number>? ]+
Initial value none
Applies to all elements, @page at-rule
Inherited no
Comments

For information about the use of the counter-increment property see the documentation for Counters and Numbering.

Specification
counter-reset
Syntax
counter-reset: none | [ <name> <number>? ]+
Initial value none
Applies to all elements, @page at-rule
Inherited no
Comments

For information about the use of the counter-reset property see the documentation for Counters and Numbering.

Specification
direction
Syntax
direction: ltr | rtl
Initial value ltr
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
display
Syntax
display: inline | block | flex | inline-flex | none | list-item | run-in | table | table-header-group | table-footer-group | table-row-group | table-row | table-cell | table-caption | table-column | table-column-group | inline-block | inline-table
Initial value inline
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
dominant-baseline
Syntax
dominant-baseline: auto | use-script | no-change | reset-size | ideographic | alphabetic | hanging | mathematical | central | middle | text-after-edge | text-before-edge
Initial value auto
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The dominant-baseline property only applies to SVG text elements.

Specification
empty-cells
Syntax
empty-cells: show | hide
Initial value show
Applies to table-cell elements
Inherited yes
Specification
fill
Syntax
fill: none | <color> | url( <paint-server> ) [ none | <color> ]?
Initial value black
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The fill property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
fill-opacity
Syntax
fill-opacity: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The fill-opacity property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
fill-rule
Syntax
fill-rule: nonzero | evenodd
Initial value nonzero
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The fill-rule property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
filter
Syntax
filter: none | [ url( <url> ) | blur( <length> ) | brightness( <number> | <percent> ) | contrast( <number> | <percent> ) | drop-shadow( <length>{2,3} <color>? ) | grayscale( <number> | <percent> ) | hue-rotate( <angle> ) | invert( <number> | <percent> ) | opacity( <number> | <percent> ) | saturate( <number> | <percent> ) | sepia( <number> | <percent> ) ]+
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The filter property provides graphical effects like blurring, saturating or color shifting an element. For more details see the Filters section.

See Also
flex
Syntax
flex: none | [ <'flex-grow'> <'flex-shrink'>? || <'flex-basis'> ]
Initial value 1 0 auto
Applies to flex items
Inherited no
Comments

The flex property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

flex-basis
Syntax
flex-basis: auto | content | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
flex-direction
Syntax
flex-direction: row | row-reverse | column | column-reverse
Initial value row
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
flex-grow
Syntax
flex-grow: <number>
Initial value 0
Applies to flex items
Inherited no
flex-shrink
Syntax
flex-shrink: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to flex items
Inherited no
flex-wrap
Syntax
flex-wrap: nowrap | wrap | wrap-reverse
Initial value nowrap
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
flex-flow
Syntax
flex-flow: <'flex-direction'> || <'flex-wrap'>
Initial value row nowrap
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
Comments

The flex-flow property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

float*
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The float property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

The float property in Prince functions just as the standard property - but under the hood, the implementation is rather different, to allow for the expanded features of page and column floats.

In other words, the syntax of the standard property is a subset of the Prince extension shorthands - if you use just the standard float features, there is nothing in your CSS syntax that needs adjustment. The values of the standard float property are now listed in the -prince-float-placement property.

Traditionally, floats move in the inline direction, left or right. Prince extends this behavior with page and column floats that move in the block direction, specifying that an element should be floated to the top or to the bottom, or to the nearest edge of the column.

Note that when setting only the value for prince-float-reference, i.e. column or page, the default value for -prince-float-placement is top-bottom and differs from its initial value. This means that Prince will try to float the element to the top of the indicated float reference, and if that should not be possible, it would be floated to the bottom.

On a vertical float to the top or bottom of the float reference, a vertical margin set to the value auto will expand and thereby repal other content. By setting top and bottom margins to auto, the element is vertically centered.

Please also see the property margin-alt for alternative margins for top or bottom floated elements.

The property -prince-float can be used as an alias.

See Also
float-defer-column*
Syntax
float-defer-column: none | inside | outside | last | <integer>
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-defer-column: 1;
}
Comments

The float-defer-column property defines the number of columns that the float should be deferred.

The property -prince-float-defer-column can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
float-defer-page*
Syntax
float-defer-page: none | [ <integer> || [ left | right ] ]
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-defer-page: right;
}
Comments

The float-defer-page property specifies whether the float is placed after previous page floats have been placed, or in another float reference container.

The property -prince-float-defer-page can be used as an alias.

See Also
float-modifier*
Syntax
float-modifier: normal | unless-fit
Initial value normal
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-modifier: unless-fit;
}
Comments

The float-modifier property expresses a conditional with the use of the keyword unless-fit: the element is only floated if it would otherwise cause a page or column break.

The property -prince-float-modifier can be used as an alias.

See Also
float-placement*
Syntax
float-placement:
none | left | right | inside | outside | top | bottom | top-bottom | snap | align-top | align-bottom | footnote | inline-footnote
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float-reference: page;
    float-placement: bottom;
}
Comments

The -prince-float-placement property defines how a floated element is positioned. Its values are basically the values of the standard float property, plus some Prince-specific extensions.

The values top or bottom float the element to, respectively, the top or the bottom of the float reference (a page, or a column), while top-bottom tries to float it to the top, and if that should not be possible, it is floated to the bottom.

The default value for -prince-float-placement, when omitted in the float shorthand property, is top-bottom, and differs from its initial value. This means that Prince will try to float the element to the top of the indicated float reference, and if that should not be possible, it would be floated to the bottom.

The value snap floats the element to the nearest "end", i.e. to the top or bottom of the page or of the column.

The values inside and outside float the element respectively to the inside or outside of a spread: inside moves the element to the right when used on a left-facing page, and to the left on a right-facing page; outside moves the element to the left when used on a left-facing page, and to the right on a right-facing page.

The align-top and align-bottom values affect sidenotes - the former one aligns the top of the sidenote with the top of the box where it naturally happens, while the latter value aligns the bottom of the sidenote with the top of the box where it naturally happens. If more than one sidenote naturally appears on the same line, the sidenotes will be stacked in the content order.

The value footnote transforms the element into a footnote - the footnote marker is placed outside of the block of the footnote. The value inline-footnote transforms the element into a footnote and places the footnote marker inside of the block of the footnote.

The property -prince-float-placement can be used as an alias.

float-policy*
Syntax
float-policy: normal | in-order
Initial value normal
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: bottom;
    float-policy: in-order;
}
Comments

The float-policy property defines the policy adopted when floating an element. The value in-order imposes that page floats must be shown in source order - normal adds no extra constraints to the float.

The property -prince-float-policy can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
float-reference*
Syntax
float-reference:
column | page | sidenote | leftnote | rightnote | insidenote | outsidenote | wide | wide-left | wide-right | wide-inside | wide-outside
Initial value column
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-reference: page;
}
Comments

The float-reference property defines the reference context for the float, i.e. whether the element should be floated to the top or bottom of the column, or of the page.

The sidenote value activates the sidenote area. Sidenotes aren't attached to a column or a page, but are in their own region. Within that region they can be placed at the top or bottom, or be aligned in some way (see the align-top and align-bottom values for float-placement.

The sidenote variants are required if sidenote regions are defined on both sides of the page - in this case we need to distinguish where to place them.

To allow an element to extend into the margin or sidenote area, the wide, wide-left, wide-right, wide-inside and wide-outside values can be used. When a left, right, inside or outside direction is expressed, the element will extend only in the given direction.

Please note that the initial value is column: thus, the style rule float: top will create a column float in a multicol context, rather than a page float.

The property -prince-float-reference can be used as an alias.

See Also
float-tail*
Syntax
float-tail: keep | fill-page
Initial value keep
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-tail: fill-page;
}
Comments

The float-tail property instructs Prince how to deal with page floats that end up past the end of normal content: with the value fill-page, Prince will try to fill the last page, but discard any page floats that would create more pages.

The property -prince-float-tail can be used as an alias.

See Also
flood-color
Syntax
flood-color: <color>
Initial value black
Applies to feFlood and feDropShadow SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The flood-color and flood-opacity properties give the color & opacity for feFlood and feDropShadow filter effects within SVG.

flood-opacity
Syntax
flood-opacity: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to feFlood and feDropShadow SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The flood-color and flood-opacity properties give the color & opacity for feFlood and feDropShadow filter effects within SVG.

flow*
Syntax
flow: normal | static( <name>, [ start | current ]? )
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to remove elements from the normal flow of the document, to be placed in a page region with content: flow(), in order to create running page headers and footers.

The optional start argument (default is current) makes the fetched content available, as if it were fetched from the start of the document.

See the documentation for Taking elements from the document for more details.

The property -prince-flow can be used as an alias.

Specification
font
Syntax
font: [ <'font-style'> || [ normal | small-caps ] || <'font-weight'> || <'font-stretch'> ]? <'font-size'> [ / <'line-height'> ]? <'font-family'>
Initial value 12pt serif
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                font: bold 14pt/16pt Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif
Comments

The font property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
Specification
font-family
Syntax
font-family: [ serif | sans-serif | monospace | [ <name-word> ]+ | <name> ]# prince-no-fallback?
Initial value serif
Applies to all elements, @font-face at-rule
Inherited yes
Examples
                font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif
              
                font-family: MyFont, prince-no-fallback
Comments

The special keyword prince-no-fallback triggers a warning if any glyphs are not found in the specified font, whereas normally Prince would silently fallback to serif.

When used as a descriptor for the @font-face at-rule, font-family defines the font family name that will be used in all CSS font family name matching. It is required for the @font-face rule to be valid.

This property can also be set by the font shorthand.

Specification
font-kerning
Syntax
font-kerning: auto | normal | none
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The value none disables font kerning. font-variant: prince-no-kerning accomplishes the same.

This property can also be set by the font shorthand.

Specification
font-size
Syntax
font-size: <length-percentage> | smaller | larger | xx-small | x-small | small | medium | large | x-large | xx-large
Initial value 12pt
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
font-stretch
Syntax
font-stretch: ultra-condensed | extra-condensed | condensed | semi-condensed | normal | semi-expanded | expanded | extra-expanded | ultra-expanded | wider | narrower
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, @font-face at-rule
Inherited yes
Comments

The font-stretch property is not supported for system fonts on Windows.

This property can also be set by the font shorthand.

See Also
Specification
font-style
Syntax
font-style: normal | italic | oblique
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, @font-face at-rule
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
font-variant
Syntax
font-variant:
normal | [ [ small-caps | all-small-caps ] || [ common-ligatures | no-common-ligatures ] || [ discretionary-ligatures | no-discretionary-ligatures ] || [ historical-ligatures | no-historical-ligatures ] || [ contextual | no-contextual ] || [ lining-nums | oldstyle-nums ] || [ proportional-nums | tabular-nums ] || [ diagonal-fractions | stacked-fractions ] || ordinal || slashed-zero || prince-no-kerning || prince-opentype( [ <feature> ]+ ) ]
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, @font-face at-rule
Inherited yes
Examples
                <span style="font-family: SpecialFont; font-variant: prince-opentype(aalt(2))">&amp;</span>
              
                font-variant: prince-opentype(onum, ccmp, liga)
              
                font-variant: historical-ligatures all-small-caps;
Comments

The font-variant property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

The prince-opentype() function takes a comma-separated list of OpenType features. Microsoft has a list of the OpenType feature names here.

Some OpenType features like aalt (access all alternates) can be used to select one of many optional glyphs, e.g. a font might provide three different ampersand glyphs and allow the author to choose which one. An optional integer parameter is how you do this, however it requires intimate details of exactly which font is being used and what glyphs it provides.

The OpenType feature can be written either in function form (feature(N)) or in concatenated form (featureN).

The keyword prince-no-kerning disables the kern OpenType feature, which defines font kerning. The property font-kerning is the better way of achieving the same.

This property can also be set by the font shorthand.

Specification
font-variant-caps
Syntax
font-variant-caps: normal | small-caps | all-small-caps
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The value small-caps enables the display of small capitals, i.e. the OpenType feature smcp.

The value all-small-caps enables the display of small capitals for both uppercase and lowercase letters, i.e. the OpenType features c2pc and smcp.

This property can also be set by the font-variant shorthand (and hence also by font).

Specification
font-variant-ligatures
Syntax
font-variant-ligatures: normal | none | [ [ common-ligatures | no-common-ligatures ] || [ discretionary-ligatures | no-discretionary-ligatures ] || [ historical-ligatures | no-historical-ligatures ] || [ contextual | no-contextual ] ]
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property allows for fine-tuning of various ligature types.

The value common-ligatures enables display of common ligatures, i.e. the OpenType features liga and clig. Note that for OpenType fonts, common ligatures are enabled by default.

The value discreationary-ligatures enables the display of discretionary ligatures, i.e. the OpenTypes feature dlig.

The value historical-ligatures enables the display of historical ligatures, i.e. the OpenType feature hlig.

The value contextual enables the context of contextual alternatives, i.e. the OpenType feature calt.

The values starting with no-* disable the display of the features.

This property can also be set by the font-variant shorthand (and hence also by font).

Specification
font-variant-numeric
Syntax
font-variant-numeric: normal | [ [ lining-nums | oldstyle-nums ] || [ proportional-nums | tabular-nums ] || [ diagonal-fractions | stacked-fractions ] || ordinal || slashed-zero ]
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies control over numeric forms.

The value lining-nums enables the display of lining numerals, i.e. the OpenTypes feature lnum.

The value oldstyle-nums enables the display of old-style numerals, i.e. the OpenTypes feature onum.

The value proportional-nums enables the display of proportional numerals, i.e. the OpenTypes feature pnum.

The value tabular-nums enables the display of tabular numerals, i.e. the OpenTypes feature tnum.

The value diagonal-fractions enables the display of lining diagonal fractions, i.e. the OpenTypes feature frac.

The value stacked-fractions enables the display of lining stacked fractions, i.e. the OpenTypes feature afrc.

The value ordinal enables the display of letter forms used with ordinal numbers (like e.g. "1st", i.e. the OpenTypes feature ordn.

The value slashed-zero enables the display of lining numerals, i.e. the OpenTypes feature zero.

This property can also be set by the font-variant shorthand (and hence also by font).

Specification
font-weight
Syntax
font-weight: normal | bold | bolder | lighter | <number>
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, @font-face at-rule
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
footnote-display
Syntax
footnote-display: block | inline | compact
Initial value block
Applies to footnote elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property provides a convenient way of determining whether footnotes should be displayed as a block element or an inline element.

The value compact leaves it up to Prince to determine whether to display the footnote as a block or inline element: if two or more footnotes fit on one line, they will be treated as inline elements to take up less space.

footnote-style-position*
Syntax
footnote-style-position: outside | inside
Initial value outside
Applies to footnote elements
Inherited yes
Comments

For information about the use of the footnote-style-position property see the documentation for Footnotes.

height
Syntax
height: auto | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage> | min-content | max-content
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements except non-replaced inline elements, table columns, and column groups
Inherited no
Comments

The values min-content and max-content do not affect auto table layout.

hyphens
Syntax
hyphens: none | manual | auto | prince-expand-all
Initial value manual
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property defines if hyphenation is allowed to create more wrapping points in a line of text.

The value prince-expand-all shows where the wrap opportunities are, to facilitate assessing whether any change to the hyphenation-related properties or hyphenation patterns is needed, or whether a manual hyphenation using soft hyphens is needed (perhaps supplied with -prince-text-replace).

See Also
Specification
hyphenate-patterns*
Syntax
hyphenate-patterns: none | url( <patterns-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is used to point to a hyphenation dictionary. Normally this is selected automatically, based on the current language.

The url() argument can take local paths or remote HTTP URLs as argument.

The property -prince-hyphenate-patterns can be used as an alias.

See Also
hyphenate-after*
Syntax
hyphenate-after: <integer>
Initial value 2
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the minimum number of letters in a word that may be moved to the next line when the word is hyphenated.

The property -prince-hyphenate-after can be used as an alias.

See Also
hyphenate-before*
Syntax
hyphenate-before: <integer>
Initial value 2
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the minimum number of letters in a word that may be left at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated.

The property -prince-hyphenate-before can be used as an alias.

See Also
hyphenate-character*
Syntax
hyphenate-character: auto | <string>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the character that is shown at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated.

The property -prince-hyphenate-character can be used as an alias.

See Also
hyphenate-lines*
Syntax
hyphenate-lines: no-limit | <integer>
Initial value no-limit
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the maximum number of consecutive lines that may end with a hyphenated word.

The property -prince-hyphenate-limit-lines can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
image-resolution*
Syntax
image-resolution: <dpi> | normal | auto [ , normal | <dpi> ]?
Initial value normal
Applies to image elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the resolution of an image. The value normal means 96dpi, or else the current CSS DPI setting. A custom DPI value can also be specified. The value auto means to check the original resolution of the image. One can specify a second value, as for example auto, normal or auto, 300dpi in order to check the original resolution of the image first, and to fall back on the second value if the image doesn't contain resolution information.

The property -prince-image-resolution can be used as an alias.

See Also
image-orientation
Syntax
image-orientation: from-image | none
Initial value from-image
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property adds support for the orientation field in the EXIF data of JPEG and TIFF images.

The property applies only to content images (e.g. replaced elements and generated content), not decorative images (such as background-image).

inset-inside*
Syntax
inset-inside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the inside offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

inset-outside*
Syntax
inset-outside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the outisde offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

justify-content
Syntax
justify-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | space-between | space-around
Initial value flex-start
Applies to flex containers
Inherited no
left
Syntax
left: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the left offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

Specification
letter-spacing
Syntax
letter-spacing: normal | <length>
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Specification
lighting-color
Syntax
lighting-color: <color>
Initial value white
Applies to feDiffuseLighting and feSpecularLighting SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property defines the color of the light source for the SVG filter primitives feDiffuseLighting and feSpecularLighting.

line-stacking-strategy*
Syntax
line-stacking-strategy: inline-line-height | block-line-height | max-height | grid-height
Initial value inline-line-height
Applies to block-level elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property allows to choose whether individual lines should have their height determined based on their content, or whether all lines in a paragraph should have the same height, or a compromise where their heights are determined by their content and then rounded up to a multiple of the paragraph line height.

The behavior define by inline-line-height is the default.

The value block-line-height uses the line-height of the block element and ignores the actual height of the content on those lines, so lines will always have the same spacing regardless of whether they contain spans with larger font size of superscripts/subscripts.

The value grid-height is like inline-line-height but each line gets rounded up to an integer multiple of the block line-height.

Finally, the max-height value works like inline-line-height, but it ignores the line-height property value for inline elements.

The property -prince-line-stacking-strategy can be used as an alias.

-prince-line-stacking-strategy
Syntax
-prince-line-stacking-strategy: inline-line-height | block-line-height | max-height | grid-height
Initial value inline-line-height
Applies to block-level elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property allows to choose whether individual lines should have their height determined based on their content, or whether all lines in a paragraph should have the same height, or a compromise where their heights are determined by their content and then rounded up to a multiple of the paragraph line height.

The behavior define by inline-line-height is the default.

The value block-line-height uses the line-height of the block element and ignores the actual height of the content on those lines, so lines will always have the same spacing regardless of whether they contain spans with larger font size of superscripts/subscripts.

The value grid-height is like inline-line-height but each line gets rounded up to an integer multiple of the block line-height.

Finally, the max-height value works like inline-line-height, but it ignores the line-height property value for inline elements.

line-height
Syntax
line-height: normal | none | <number> | <length-percentage>
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Specification
link*
link: none | url( <target-url> ) | attr( <target-attr> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no

This property makes an element into a link to the specified URL.

The property -prince-link can be used as an alias.

list-style
Initial value outside disc
Applies to list items
Inherited yes
Comments

The list-style property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
Specification
list-style-image
Syntax
list-style-image: none | url( <image-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to list items
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
list-style-position
Syntax
list-style-position: outside | inside
Initial value outside
Applies to list items
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
list-style-type
Syntax
list-style-type: none | box | check | circle | diamond | disc | hyphen | square | decimal | decimal-leading-zero | lower-roman | upper-roman | lower-alpha | lower-latin | upper-alpha | upper-latin | lower-hexadecimal | upper-hexadecimal | binary | octal | asterisks | arabic-indic | lower-greek | upper-greek | lower-norwegian | upper-norwegian | lower-russian | upper-russian | lower-ukrainian | upper-ukrainian | lower-belarusian | upper-belarusian | lower-bulgarian | upper-bulgarian | lower-serbian | upper-serbian | persian | urdu | japanese-informal | japanese-formal | cjk-decimal | simp-chinese-informal | simp-chinese-formal | trad-chinese-informal | trad-chinese-formal
Initial value disc
Applies to list items
Inherited yes
margin
Syntax
margin: [ auto | <length-percentage> ]{1,4}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
Comments

The margin property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
Specification
margin-alt*
Syntax
margin-alt: none | <length> <length>?
Initial value none
Applies to all top- or bottom-floated elements
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-alt property defines a top and/or bottom margin for elements floated to the top or bottom of a page or column, by replacing the value of the corresponding margin property.

The default value is none, which means that no alternative margin value is defined, and thus the default margin, specified with the margin property, is applied.

If only one value is given, it refers to both the top and bottom alternative margin. When two values are given, the first one refers to the top alternative margin, while the second one refers to the bottom one.

Unlike the margin property, it does not take percentage values.

The property -prince-margin-alt can be used as an alias.

margin-bottom
Syntax
margin-bottom: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
margin-inside*
Syntax
margin-inside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-inside property overrides the value of the margin-right property if the element is on a left-facing page and overrides the value of the margin-left property if the element is on a right-facing page. The result is a horizontal margin on the side of the element that is on the "inside" of the two-page spread.

The property -prince-margin-inside can be used as an alias.

This property can also be set by the margin shorthand.

See Also
margin-left
Syntax
margin-left: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
margin-outside*
Syntax
margin-outside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-outside property overrides the value of the margin-left property if the element is on a left-facing page and overrides the value of the margin-right property if the element is on a right-facing page. The result is a horizontal margin on the side of the element that is on the "outside" of the two-page spread.

The property -prince-margin-outside can be used as an alias.

This property can also be set by the margin shorthand.

See Also
margin-right
Syntax
margin-right: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
margin-top
Syntax
margin-top: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
marker
Syntax
marker: none | url( <marker-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The marker property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

The marker shorthand only applies to SVG elements.

It sets the start, mid and end markers all to the given value.

marker-start
Syntax
marker-start: none | url( <marker-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The marker-start property only applies to SVG elements.

This property can also be set by the marker shorthand.

Specification
marker-mid
Syntax
marker-mid: none | url( <marker-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The marker-mid property only applies to SVG elements.

This property can also be set by the marker shorthand.

Specification
marker-end
Syntax
marker-end: none | url( <marker-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The marker-end property only applies to SVG elements.

This property can also be set by the marker shorthand.

Specification
marks
Syntax
marks: none | [ crop || cross ]
Initial value none
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { marks: crop }
              
                @page { marks: crop cross }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor, used with the @page at-rule, adds crop and/or cross marks to the page.

Specifying crop and/or cross for the marks property will result in 6pt of bleed area being added to all four sides of the page and additional trim area to contain the crop marks.

mask
Syntax
mask: none | url( <mask> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The mask property is used to partially or fully hide an element by masking it with a provided image.

Specification
max-height
Syntax
max-height: none | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements but non-replaced inline elements, table columns, and column groups
Inherited no
max-width
Syntax
max-width: none | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements but non-replaced inline elements, table rows, and row groups
Inherited no
min-height
Syntax
min-height: auto | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements but non-replaced inline elements, table columns, and column groups
Inherited no
min-width
Syntax
min-width: auto | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements but non-replaced inline elements, table rows, and row groups
Inherited no
object-fit
Syntax
object-fit: fill | contain | cover | none | scale-down
Initial value fill
Applies to replaced elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property specifies how the contents of a replaced element, such as an image, should be resized to fit its container.

object-position
Syntax
object-position:
[ [ left | center | right ] || [ top | center | bottom ] ] | [ left | center | right | <length-percentage> ] [ top | center | bottom | <length-percentage> ]? | [ [ left | right ] <length-percentage> && [ top | bottom ] <length-percentage> ]
Initial value 50% 50%
Applies to replaced elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property specifies how the contents of a replaced element, such as an image, are positioned in its container.

opacity
Syntax
opacity: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Opacity is a number between 0 and 1.

Specification
order
Syntax
order: <integer>
Initial value 0
Applies to flex items and absolutely-positioned children of flex containers
Inherited no
orphans
Syntax
orphans: [ <integer> [ , -prince-prefer <integer> ]? ] | -prince-prefer <integer>
Initial value 1
Applies to “paragraphs”: block container boxes that establish an inline formatting context
Inherited yes
Comments

If a paragraph is split over two pages or columns, this property determines the minimum number of lines that must be left at the bottom of the first page or column.

The initial value has been changed from 2 to 1.

In Prince for Books the property can take a second, optional, comma-separated value expressed with the additional keyword -prince-prefer. It is useful in case the preference, expressed with the additional keyword, is a bigger amount than the hard requirement expressed in the first value.

overflow
Syntax
overflow: visible | hidden | clip | scroll | auto
Initial value visible
Applies to non-replaced block-level elements and non-replaced inline-block elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the visibility of content that overflows outside the boundaries of an element.

Please note that the value scroll does not actually scroll, but establishes a new block formatting context instead - other than that, it is treated the same as visible.

Also, please note that Prince does not support separate overflow-x and overflow-y properties, the overflow property only sets both to the same value.

overflow-wrap
Syntax
overflow-wrap: normal | break-word
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                part { overflow-wrap: break-word; }
supplier, item { overflow-wrap: normal; }
<part><supplier>xyz</supplier><item>12345</item></part>
Comments

This property controls wrapping behavior of last resort: whether it is better for a word to overflow its container, or to be broken at an arbitrary point (subject to white-space, and not splitting within a grapheme cluster), without adding a hyphen.

The value normal allows text containing no other wrap opportunities to overflow.

This feature is most commonly used for non-words such as URIs, part codes, or cryptographic hashes. For such purposes, overflow-wrap:break-word can be compared with word-break:break-all: the latter is more willing to break the word (preferring to break than to leave an under-full line or advance past a CSS2-style float), but only breaks between alpha-numeric grapheme clusters rather than between any pair of grapheme clusters.

The element whose overflow-wrap property controls whether such a wrap opportunity exists at a given boundary is the closest ancestor that “strictly contains” the boundary, i.e. that contains text from both sides of the boundary. Thus, components of a wrappable string can be kept on one line by styling each component with overflow-wrap:normal even if two components are directly adjacent to each other, as seen in the above example.

Prince also treats word-wrap as a legacy name alias for this property.

Specification
padding
Syntax
padding: <length-percentage>{1,4}
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except table-row-group, table-header-group, table-footer-group, table-row, table-column-group and table-column
Inherited no
Comments

The padding property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
Specification
padding-bottom
Syntax
padding-bottom: <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except table-row-group, table-header-group, table-footer-group, table-row, table-column-group and table-column
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
padding-left
Syntax
padding-left: <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except table-row-group, table-header-group, table-footer-group, table-row, table-column-group and table-column
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
padding-right
Syntax
padding-right: <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except table-row-group, table-header-group, table-footer-group, table-row, table-column-group and table-column
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
padding-top
Syntax
padding-top: <length-percentage>
Initial value 0
Applies to all elements, except table-row-group, table-header-group, table-footer-group, table-row, table-column-group and table-column
Inherited no
See Also
Specification
page
Syntax
page: auto | <name>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines which named page, if any, the current element should be placed on. See the documentation for Selecting pages for more details.

For an integer not preceded by -prince-prefer, the paragraph will be pushed forward to the start of a new page or column if necessary to ensure the given number of lines are together.

Values involving -prince-prefer are only accepted by Prince for Books. An integer preceded by -prince-prefer is a request that Prince for Books will try to satisfy, but not at the cost of introducing an obvious gap at the end of the previous column or page: it will only use whatever flexibility has been granted with -prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination, -prince-spread-length-options or -prince-resize-options.

page-break-after
Syntax
page-break-after: auto | always | avoid | left | right | verso | recto
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to force or suppress page breaks after an element.

Use of this property is deprecated. Use the property break-after instead. See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

See Also
Specification
page-break-before
Syntax
page-break-before: auto | always | avoid | left | right | verso | recto
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to force or suppress page breaks before an element. Prince expands the property with the values verso and recto.

Use of this property is deprecated. Use the property break-before instead. See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

See Also
Specification
page-break-inside
Syntax
page-break-inside: auto | avoid
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level elements in the normal flow of the root element
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to suppress page breaks inside an element.

Use of this property is deprecated. Use the property break-inside instead. See the documentation for Page breaks for more details.

See Also
Specification
page-group*
Syntax
page-group: start | auto
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines whether the first page of this element matches the :first page class selector.

The property -prince-page-group can be used as an alias.

See Also
position
Syntax
position: static | relative | absolute | fixed | running( <name> )
Initial value static
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The running() function removes the element from the normal document flow and makes it available to be placed in a page region with the element() function of the content property. See also Taking elements from the document.

-prince-alt-text*
Syntax
-prince-alt-text: auto | none | <string>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                span {
    -prince-alt-text: attr(aria-label);
}
Comments

This property can be used to tell Prince what to show as an alternate text, which is crucial when producing tagged PDF files.

-prince-background-image-resolution*
Syntax
-prince-background-image-resolution: <dpi> | normal | auto [ , normal | <dpi> ]?
Initial value normal
Applies to background image elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the resolution of a background image. The value normal means 96dpi, or else the current CSS DPI setting. A custom DPI value can also be specified. The value auto means to check the original resolution of the image. One can specify a second value, as for example auto, normal or auto, 300dpi in order to check the original resolution of the image first, and to fall back on the second value if the image doesn't contain resolution information.

The property background-image-resolution can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-baseline-grid*
Syntax
-prince-baseline-grid: auto | new | none
Initial value auto
Applies to block-level boxes
Inherited no
Comments

Prince does not yet support constraining an element’s baselines to lie on a grid. In the meantime, this property suffices for common cases: if its value is none then space is added around the box to make its border box occupy a whole number of grid lines.

The grid line spacing is established by the closest ancestor whose -prince-baseline-grid is new.

Space is added at the place indicated by -prince-resize-adjust.

Note that the value none currently forces the box to “establish a new formatting context”: i.e. its margins will not collapse with the margins of its children, even if it has no borders and padding.

The usual way that this property would be used is to set it to new on the root element, and to set it to none on headings, blockquotes and tables.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-bookmark-label*
Syntax
-prince-bookmark-label: none | <content>
Initial value content()
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the text content of the PDF bookmark generated by the current element.

Several ways of creating content are here defined by means of functions - the detailed explanation can be found in the Generated Content Functions section.

Even though the initial value for this property is content(), no PDF bookmark will be generated by default as the initial value for the -prince-bookmark-level property is none.

See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property bookmark-label can be used as an alias.

Specification
-prince-bookmark-level*
Syntax
-prince-bookmark-level: none | <integer>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the numeric level in the bookmark hierarchy of the PDF bookmark generated by the current element. See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property bookmark-level can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-bookmark-state*
Syntax
-prince-bookmark-state: open | closed
Initial value open
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine whether the bookmark tree item is open or closed when the PDF is first viewed. In this way you can close each chapter and hide the subsections for documents that are very long, or you can choose to have a deep bookmark tree.

The property bookmark-state can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-bookmark-target*
Syntax
-prince-bookmark-target: self | url( <target-url> ) | attr( <target-attr> )
Initial value self
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to determine the link target for the PDF bookmark generated by the current element. See the documentation for PDF Bookmarks for more details.

The property bookmark-target can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-caption-page*
Syntax
-prince-caption-page: first | following | all
Initial value first
Applies to table elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines whether table captions will be displayed on the first page of a table, or only on following pages, or repeated on every page that a table appears on.

The property caption-page can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-clear*
Syntax
-prince-clear: none | left | right | inside | outside | both | page | column | end
Initial value none
Applies to block-level elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines whether an element should be moved down the page in order to clear elements that have been floated to the left or right of the page. The left, right, inside and outside values correspond to values given to the float property, while both will clear floats on either side.

The keyword end clears the float, and places the next float in the next available position — so if e.g. you have a column layout with a float already at the top of the first column, it will place the next float, whose natural position would be just below the first one, at the bottom of the same column.

The keyword column clears the end of the column (so any further float would be pushed to the next column), while the keyword page clears the page (pushing further floats to the next page).

The property clear can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination*
Syntax
-prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination: no | yes
Initial value no
Applies to paragraphs: block containers that establish an inline formatting context
Inherited yes
Examples
                :root {
    -prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination: yes;
}
Comments

With the initial value of ‘no’, the paragraph’s line breaks are the “galley layout”: chosen without concern for avoiding undesirable page breaks.

If set to ‘yes’, the line breaks can be affected by pagination considerations, such as avoiding hyphenating a word across a page turn, or changing the number of lines occupied by the paragraph in order to avoid a later undesirable page break without leaving an obvious gap at the end of a page.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-expansion-text*
Syntax
-prince-expansion-text: auto | none | <string>
Initial value auto
Applies to inline elements
Inherited no
Examples
                abbr {
    -prince-expansion-text: attr(title);
}
Comments

This property can be used for specific elements, such as e.g. abbr and acronym, to tell Prince what to show as an expansion text, which is crucial when producing tagged PDF files.

-prince-fallback-cmyk-profile*
Syntax
-prince-fallback-cmyk-profile: url( <filename> )
Initial value ""
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-output-intent: url("AdobeRGB1998.icc");
    -prince-fallback-cmyk-profile: url("ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc");
}
Comments

This descriptor is used inside a @prince-pdf at-rule to determine a fallback CMYK profile to be used for uncalibrated (untagged) CMYK colors or images, if it is not possible to use the output intent ICC profile (see -prince-pdf-output-intent).

CMYK colors are treated as uncalibrated in either of the following three cases: conversion of an untagged CMYK image to another color space, conversion of a device dependent CMYK color, or when a PDF Profile requires that only device independent color is present, in which case both untagged CMYK images and device dependent CMYK colors are treated as uncalibrated CMYK colors.

-prince-filter-resolution*
Syntax
-prince-filter-resolution: auto | <dpi>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is used to specify the resolution used when rasterizing to images for applying CSS and SVG filters.

If ‘auto’ then the value is either that given by the --raster-dpi command-line option or the prince-filter-resolution descriptor of @prince-pdf (see below).

See Also
Syntax
-prince-filter-resolution: <dpi>
Initial value 96dpi
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited
Comments

This descriptor provides a default resolution to be used for rasterizing to images for applying CSS and SVG filters, for elements whose -prince-filter-resolution property has its initial ‘auto’ value.

See Also
-prince-float*
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The -prince-float property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

The float property in Prince functions just as the standard property - but under the hood, the implementation is rather different, to allow for the expanded features of page and column floats.

In other words, the syntax of the standard property is a subset of the Prince extension shorthands - if you use just the standard float features, there is nothing in your CSS syntax that needs adjustment. The values of the standard float property are now listed in the -prince-float-placement property.

Traditionally, floats move in the inline direction, left or right. Prince extends this behavior with page and column floats that move in the block direction, specifying that an element should be floated to the top or to the bottom, or to the nearest edge of the column.

Note that when setting only the value for prince-float-reference, i.e. column or page, the default value for -prince-float-placement is top-bottom and differs from its initial value. This means that Prince will try to float the element to the top of the indicated float reference, and if that should not be possible, it would be floated to the bottom.

On a vertical float to the top or bottom of the float reference, a vertical margin set to the value auto will expand and thereby repal other content. By setting top and bottom margins to auto, the element is vertically centered.

Please also see the property margin-alt for alternative margins for top or bottom floated elements.

The property float can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-float-defer-column*
Syntax
-prince-float-defer-column: none | inside | outside | last | <integer>
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-defer-column: 1;
}
Comments

The float-defer-column property defines the number of columns that the float should be deferred.

The property float-defer-column can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-float-defer-page*
Syntax
-prince-float-defer-page: none | [ <integer> || [ left | right ] ]
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-defer-page: right;
}
Comments

The float-defer-page property specifies whether the float is placed after previous page floats have been placed, or in another float reference container.

The property float-defer-page can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-float-modifier*
Syntax
-prince-float-modifier: normal | unless-fit
Initial value normal
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-modifier: unless-fit;
}
Comments

The float-modifier property expresses a conditional with the use of the keyword unless-fit: the element is only floated if it would otherwise cause a page or column break.

The property float-modifier can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-float-placement*
Syntax
-prince-float-placement:
none | left | right | inside | outside | top | bottom | top-bottom | snap | align-top | align-bottom | footnote | inline-footnote
Initial value none
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float-reference: page;
    float-placement: bottom;
}
Comments

The -prince-float-placement property defines how a floated element is positioned. Its values are basically the values of the standard float property, plus some Prince-specific extensions.

The values top or bottom float the element to, respectively, the top or the bottom of the float reference (a page, or a column), while top-bottom tries to float it to the top, and if that should not be possible, it is floated to the bottom.

The default value for -prince-float-placement, when omitted in the float shorthand property, is top-bottom, and differs from its initial value. This means that Prince will try to float the element to the top of the indicated float reference, and if that should not be possible, it would be floated to the bottom.

The value snap floats the element to the nearest "end", i.e. to the top or bottom of the page or of the column.

The values inside and outside float the element respectively to the inside or outside of a spread: inside moves the element to the right when used on a left-facing page, and to the left on a right-facing page; outside moves the element to the left when used on a left-facing page, and to the right on a right-facing page.

The align-top and align-bottom values affect sidenotes - the former one aligns the top of the sidenote with the top of the box where it naturally happens, while the latter value aligns the bottom of the sidenote with the top of the box where it naturally happens. If more than one sidenote naturally appears on the same line, the sidenotes will be stacked in the content order.

The value footnote transforms the element into a footnote - the footnote marker is placed outside of the block of the footnote. The value inline-footnote transforms the element into a footnote and places the footnote marker inside of the block of the footnote.

The property float-placement can be used as an alias.

-prince-float-policy*
Syntax
-prince-float-policy: normal | in-order
Initial value normal
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: bottom;
    float-policy: in-order;
}
Comments

The float-policy property defines the policy adopted when floating an element. The value in-order imposes that page floats must be shown in source order - normal adds no extra constraints to the float.

The property float-policy can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-float-reference*
Syntax
-prince-float-reference:
column | page | sidenote | leftnote | rightnote | insidenote | outsidenote | wide | wide-left | wide-right | wide-inside | wide-outside
Initial value column
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-reference: page;
}
Comments

The float-reference property defines the reference context for the float, i.e. whether the element should be floated to the top or bottom of the column, or of the page.

The sidenote value activates the sidenote area. Sidenotes aren't attached to a column or a page, but are in their own region. Within that region they can be placed at the top or bottom, or be aligned in some way (see the align-top and align-bottom values for float-placement.

The sidenote variants are required if sidenote regions are defined on both sides of the page - in this case we need to distinguish where to place them.

To allow an element to extend into the margin or sidenote area, the wide, wide-left, wide-right, wide-inside and wide-outside values can be used. When a left, right, inside or outside direction is expressed, the element will extend only in the given direction.

Please note that the initial value is column: thus, the style rule float: top will create a column float in a multicol context, rather than a page float.

The property float-reference can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-float-tail*
Syntax
-prince-float-tail: keep | fill-page
Initial value keep
Applies to all floated elements
Inherited yes
Examples
                figure {
    float: top;
    float-tail: fill-page;
}
Comments

The float-tail property instructs Prince how to deal with page floats that end up past the end of normal content: with the value fill-page, Prince will try to fill the last page, but discard any page floats that would create more pages.

The property float-tail can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-flow*
Syntax
-prince-flow: normal | static( <name>, [ start | current ]? )
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property is used to remove elements from the normal flow of the document, to be placed in a page region with content: flow(), in order to create running page headers and footers.

The optional start argument (default is current) makes the fetched content available, as if it were fetched from the start of the document.

See the documentation for Taking elements from the document for more details.

The property flow can be used as an alias.

Specification
-prince-footnote-policy*
Syntax
-prince-footnote-policy: auto | keep-with-line | keep-with-block
Initial value auto
Applies to footnote elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines whether a footnote should always be displayed on the same page as its footnote call is located on, or whether it may slip to the next page. The value keep-with-line instructs Prince to keep the footnote on the same page as the line with the footnote call, while keep-with-block tells Prince to keep it together with the whole paragraph with the footnote call.

The property must be applied to the paragraph in which the footnote occurs, not to the footnote element itself.

See Also
-prince-forced-breaks*
Syntax
-prince-forced-breaks: short | full
Initial value short
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property controls whether a line ended by a “preserved newline” (such as introduced by <br>) should preferably appear to be a normal full line (as if ended only by normal line wrapping), or whether being shorter than a normal full line is actually preferable, for example to mark a deliberate break.

The difference is particularly marked in justified text, where lines ended by -prince-forced-breaks:full are subject to justification like most other lines.

(Limitation: At the time of writing, this property only affects justified text.)

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-hyphenate-patterns*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-patterns: none | url( <patterns-url> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is used to point to a hyphenation dictionary. Normally this is selected automatically, based on the current language.

The url() argument can take local paths or remote HTTP URLs as argument.

The property hyphenate-patterns can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-hyphenate-after*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-after: <integer>
Initial value 2
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the minimum number of letters in a word that may be moved to the next line when the word is hyphenated.

The property hyphenate-after can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-hyphenate-before*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-before: <integer>
Initial value 2
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the minimum number of letters in a word that may be left at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated.

The property hyphenate-before can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-hyphenate-character*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-character: auto | <string>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the character that is shown at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated.

The property hyphenate-character can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-hyphenate-limit-lines*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-limit-lines: no-limit | <integer>
Initial value no-limit
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the maximum number of consecutive lines that may end with a hyphenated word.

The property hyphenate-lines can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-hyphenate-lines*
Syntax
-prince-hyphenate-lines: no-limit | <integer>
Initial value no-limit
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property specifies the maximum number of consecutive lines that may end with a hyphenated word.

The property -prince-hyphenate-limit-lines can be used as an alias.

See Also
Specification
-prince-image-magic*
Syntax
-prince-image-magic: none | [ snap-to-integer-coords || ignore-icc-profile || [ jpeg-verbatim | recompress-jpeg( <percent> ) ] || [ convert-to-jpeg | convert-to-jpeg( <percent> ) ] ]
Initial value none
Applies to image elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property performs various image-related, Prince-specific tasks that do not fit into other existing CSS properties. It applies magic to images!

The snap-to-integer-coords value can be used to avoid blurring of images in some PDF viewers.

The ignore-icc-profile value causes Prince to ignore any ICC color profile embedded in the image.

The jpeg-verbatim value inhibits the normal stripping that Prince performs, where unnecessary metadata is removed from JPEG images when they are embedded in the PDF file.

When recompress-jpeg( <quality%> ) is specified for this property, Prince will recompress JPEG images to the specified percentage to save space when embedding them in the PDF output.

The convert-to-jpeg keyword or the convert-to-jpeg( <quality%> ) function convert non-JPEG images to JPEG, so that they take less space (but may look blurry).

Several of the values can be combined, to perform more than one magic on images.

-prince-image-resolution*
Syntax
-prince-image-resolution: <dpi> | normal | auto [ , normal | <dpi> ]?
Initial value normal
Applies to image elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the resolution of an image. The value normal means 96dpi, or else the current CSS DPI setting. A custom DPI value can also be specified. The value auto means to check the original resolution of the image. One can specify a second value, as for example auto, normal or auto, 300dpi in order to check the original resolution of the image first, and to fall back on the second value if the image doesn't contain resolution information.

The property image-resolution can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-lang*
Syntax
-prince-lang: auto | <language>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines language-specific font-selection.

Text language can influence how the text is displayed - normally you would use the lang or xml:lang attributes in HTML or XHTML. This property helps defining the language in cases where the attributes cannot be applied, such as in the case of CSS generated content.

The property also specifies an element's language for tagged PDF.

In case of conflict between the attributes and the property, the CSS property prevails.

-prince-linebreak-magic*
Syntax
-prince-linebreak-magic: none | auto
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property enables line-breaking in certain situations even in the absence of whitespace. For example, after slashes in long URLs. It can be disabled for situations in which more precise control over line-breaking behavior is preferred.

-prince-line-break-choices*
Syntax
-prince-line-break-choices: body | heading | title-page | body-greedy | body-lookahead | heading-greedy | heading-lookahead | title-page-greedy | title-page-lookahead | fast
Initial value body
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is used for fine tuning the line breaking approach.

The keyword title-page is intended for title pages of books or chapters, where phrasing considerations are of prime consideration even at the cost of extremely unbalanced lines, or using more lines than are necessary.

The keyword heading, on the other hand, is closer to body, differing mainly in that it's less likely to hyphenate, and is more willing to make the first line(s) a little shorter if doing so avoids a short last line.

The keyword fast can be used for quick web-browser-style line breaking, useful for testing the effect of styling changes that don't depend on good line breaking.

Values other than fast currently have no effect on justified paragraphs.

The *-greedy and *-lookahead variations allow control over whether the choice of where to end a line can be affected by consequences further down the paragraph:

The *-greedy keywords decide on line breaks solely based on the current line and on the length of the next word, never going back to change a decision on a line in the light of line-breaking issues encountered later.

The *-lookahead keywords, on the other hand, enable paragraph-at-a-time line-breaking for the paragraph in a non-justified paragraph: choosing where to end the line not just based on what seems best for the current line, but also considering the effect on future lines. Considering a whole paragraph at once like this would result in better line breaks in most paragraphs; but software is not human, and where it does misjudge, the results might look gratuitously or incomprehensibly bad.

Another difference is that the lookahead versions are noticeably slower (if used for a large proportion of the text in a book).

The default at present is to use paragraph-at-a-time line breaking for heading and title-page, while still using simple line-at-a-time line breaking for body. To those who would usually check and tweak line breaks in ragged text before publication, we suggest that paragraph-at-a-time line breaking will give you a better starting point: 

            body { -prince-line-break-choices: body-lookahead }

For more information on how to influence line breaks, please see Line breaking.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

The property -prince-text-wrap can be used as an alias.

-prince-link*
-prince-link: none | url( <target-url> ) | attr( <target-attr> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no

This property makes an element into a link to the specified URL.

The property link can be used as an alias.

-prince-margin-alt*
Syntax
-prince-margin-alt: none | <length> <length>?
Initial value none
Applies to all top- or bottom-floated elements
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-alt property defines a top and/or bottom margin for elements floated to the top or bottom of a page or column, by replacing the value of the corresponding margin property.

The default value is none, which means that no alternative margin value is defined, and thus the default margin, specified with the margin property, is applied.

If only one value is given, it refers to both the top and bottom alternative margin. When two values are given, the first one refers to the top alternative margin, while the second one refers to the bottom one.

Unlike the margin property, it does not take percentage values.

The property margin-alt can be used as an alias.

-prince-margin-inside*
Syntax
-prince-margin-inside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-inside property overrides the value of the margin-right property if the element is on a left-facing page and overrides the value of the margin-left property if the element is on a right-facing page. The result is a horizontal margin on the side of the element that is on the "inside" of the two-page spread.

The property margin-inside can be used as an alias.

This property can also be set by the margin shorthand.

See Also
-prince-margin-outside*
Syntax
-prince-margin-outside: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table
Inherited no
Comments

The margin-outside property overrides the value of the margin-left property if the element is on a left-facing page and overrides the value of the margin-right property if the element is on a right-facing page. The result is a horizontal margin on the side of the element that is on the "outside" of the two-page spread.

The property margin-outside can be used as an alias.

This property can also be set by the margin shorthand.

See Also
-prince-mark-length*
Syntax
-prince-mark-length: <length>
Initial value 24pt
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { -prince-mark-length: 2cm }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to specify the length of crop marks, beginning after the offset from the page area and extending towards the edge of the paper.

See Also
-prince-mark-offset*
Syntax
-prince-mark-offset: auto | <length>{1,4}
Initial value auto
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { -prince-mark-offset: 6pt }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to specify the offset between crop and cross marks and the page area.

See Also
-prince-mark-width*
Syntax
-prince-mark-width: <length>
Initial value 0.1pt
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { -prince-mark-width: 1pt }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to specify the line width of the crop and cross marks.

See Also
-prince-n-lines*
Syntax
-prince-n-lines: auto | <integer>? [ longer | shorter ] | change | <integer>
Initial value auto
Applies to “paragraphs”: block container boxes that establish inline formatting contexts
Inherited no
Comments

This property is for use in the pagination phase of typesetting, for ensuring that page ends are even while avoiding widows and other awkward breaks.

Values other than the initial value of auto request that the paragraph occupy the given number of lines; where values other than a simple integer are relative to the number of lines that the paragraph would have occupied if this property still had its initial value (auto).

The value change means to make the paragraph either a line longer or shorter, whichever will be deemed to look better. This value is provided for the common case that a page break opportunity exists both at a line earlier and at a line later than where the page end would naturally fall, as would typically be the case if the only relevant restriction arises from widows:2 or orphans:2 or a minor heading that occupies two body lines worth of height. Thus, this tends to be the most commonly used value for this property, other than leaving at its initial value.

A simple integer value is the least convenient value to use (since choosing the desired number requires counting the existing number of lines, and since this property is most commonly used on long paragraphs). Its value lies in the fact that the result is not subject to variation in "the number of lines that the paragraph would otherwise have had", as can occur if this paragraph spans a page end, and a subsequent styling change causes some earlier content to change in size, affecting what is the last line before the break, and if this in turn affects line-breaking decisions made to avoid having a hyphenation at the end of a page.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-page-fill*
Syntax
-prince-page-fill: prefer-balance | prefer-fill
Initial value prefer-balance
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Comments

This property determines whether Prince should shorten a page to match its facing page.

‘prefer-fill’ means to ignore the length of the facing page. Pages can still be under-full in order to satisfy pagination constraints such as widows, orphans, break-inside, break-before and break-after, possibly resulting in one page being longer than its facing page.

With ‘prefer-balance’, Prince will sometimes end a page one line shorter than usual, if this is needed to make the two pages be approximately balanced.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-page-group*
Syntax
-prince-page-group: start | auto
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines whether the first page of this element matches the :first page class selector.

The property page-group can be used as an alias.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-author*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-author: none | <string>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-author: "John Doe";
Comments

This property is used to specify the author of a PDF annotation.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-color*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-color: auto | <color>
Initial value yellow
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-color: pink;
Comments

This property is used to define the color of a PDF annotation.

When choosing the keyword auto, the following default colors are applied to the different PDF annotation types:

  • icons and highlights are yellow;
  • underlines and squiggly underlines are green; and
  • strike-outs are red.
-prince-pdf-annotation-contents*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-contents: none | [ <string> | attr( <attr> ) ]+
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-contents: "This is a PDF annotation.";
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation content.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-createdate*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-createdate: none | <string>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-createdate: "2022-04-28"
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation date of creation. Please note that the string needs to be a valid ISO 8601 date format.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-icon*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-icon: note | comment | key | help | new-paragraph | paragraph | insert
Initial value note
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-icon: help
Comments

This property is used to define which icon should be used for the PDF annotation.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-modifydate*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-modifydate: none | <string>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-modifydate: "2022-04-28"
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation date of modification. Please note that the string needs to be a valid ISO 8601 date format.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-position*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-position: [ left | right | page-left | page-right ] <length-percentage>? || [ top | bottom | page-top | page-bottom ] <length-percentage>?
Initial value left top
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-position: page-left 10% page-top 50%;
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation position.

The values left, right, top and bottom refer to the element box, while the equivalent keywords page-left, page-right, page-top and page-bottom refer to the trim box of the page.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-title*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-title: none | <string>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-title: "PDF Annotation Title"
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation title.

See Also
-prince-pdf-annotation-type*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-annotation-type: none | text | highlight | underline | wavy | line-through
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                -prince-pdf-annotation-type: text;
Comments

This property is used to define the PDF annotation type.

The keyword wavy maps to the Squiggly annotation type in PDF, and line-through maps to StrikeOut.

See Also
-prince-pdf-color-conversion*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-color-conversion: auto | none
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

As a property, -prince-pdf-color-conversion is applied to elements in order to convert the colors of the elements to the output intent color space, if provided. The value none can be used to prevent color conversion for individual elements if the document itself is converted.

The same property, used as a descriptor in the @prince-pdf at-rule, has a different syntax - see below.

Syntax
-prince-pdf-color-conversion: none | [ output-intent | full | url( <color-profile> ) no-embed? ] [ absolute-colorimetric | relative-colorimetric | relative-colorimetric-bpc | perceptual | perceptual-bpc | saturation | saturation-bpc ]?
Initial value output-intent
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited no
Comments

As a descriptor inside the @prince-pdf at-rule, -prince-pdf-color-conversion is used to convert the colors of the PDF to the output intent color space, or to a color profile of choice.

When used with the default value output-intent, it functions like the --convert-colors command-line option - the colors are converted to the output intent color profile.

The value full is a deprecated synonym for output-intent.

The url() function allows for an ICC color profile to convert to, different from the output-intent.

Prince allows for the additional no-embed keyword, which causes the color conversion target ICC profile to not be embedded in the output PDF, unless required by the PDF profile. The converted colors will be left device dependent or else implicitly mapped to the output intent color space.

The optional second argument comprises the rendering intent: Black point compensation (“BPC”) will most commonly be used with a relative-colorimetric rendering intent. Prince however also accepts black point compensation with perceptual and saturation rendering intents because “there are atypical profiles [...] in which BPC may actually be beneficial for Perceptual or Saturation processing” (quoted from the in-depth analysis Black-point compensation: theory and application).

When the descriptor is used as a property, applied to single elements, it has a different syntax — see above.

See Also
-prince-pdf-color-options*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-color-options: auto | use-true-black | use-rich-black
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited no
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-color-options: use-rich-black;
}
Comments

This descriptor may be used to control the encoding of RGB blacks and grays: when use-true-black is used, they are encoded in the /DeviceGray colorspace in the PDF, instead of /DeviceRGB, whereas use-rich-black disables this behavior and keeps all the colors in RGB. Currently, auto is equivalent to use-true-black.

-prince-pdf-destination*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-destination: none | <name> | attr( <attr> )
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property may be used to create "named destinations" (nameddest) in generated PDF files which can be linked to from other documents.

See Also
-prince-pdf-display-doc-title*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-display-doc-title: true | false
Initial value false
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited no
Comments

This descriptor may be used to control whether the document file name or the document title is displayed in the PDF.

Prince will force it to true for the PDF/UA-1 profile, which requires it, and also for PDF/A-1a and PDF/A-3a which technically do not require it but users may still expect it - or they will see a warning if they run the Adobe accessibility checker on their PDFs.

-prince-pdf-duplex*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-duplex: auto | simplex | duplex-flip-short-edge | duplex-flip-long-edge
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited no
Comments

This descriptor may be used inside the @prince-pdf at-rule to set the Duplex property in the PDFViewerPreferences dictionary.

-prince-pdf-event-scripts*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-event-scripts: none | [ [ will-close | will-save | did-save | will-print | did-print ] <JavaScript> ]#
Initial value ""
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-event-scripts: will-close "app.alert('This file is now closing!', 3)", will-print "app.alert('This file will be printed.', 1);";
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used to include JavaScript code that will be executed in the PDF when printing, saving, and closing the PDF, known as "Document Action" scripts.

Starting from Prince 15 this descriptor does not allow for the url() function as an argument - to provide an external file, the command-line option --prince-pdf-event-script needs to be used instead.

Please be advised that these scripts are dependent on the PDF viewer, and in many cases might only work in Adobe Acrobat products.

See Also
-prince-pdf-form*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-form: auto | enable | disable
Initial value auto
Applies to all form elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property selectively enables or disables PDF form elements. It must be applied to each form element and is not inherited.

The default value auto leaves behaviour up to the command-line option --pdf-forms.

See Also
-prince-pdf-link-type*
-prince-pdf-link-type: [ auto | file ]? [ same-window | new-window ]? | web
Initial value auto
Applies to hyperlink elements
Inherited no

This property controls whether relative links should be embedded in the PDF as web (URL) links or file links (by default they will be resolved against the base URL of the input document), and whether to open the links in the same or a new window.

Note however that the optional link target keywords same-window and new-window only affect links to local PDF files.

The values auto and file are optional, and are treated as auto if missing.

-prince-pdf-open-action*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-open-action: none | [ print | command( <ident> ) | zoom( fit-page | fit-width | fit-height | <percent> ) ]+
Initial value none
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-open-action: zoom(fit-page) print;
}
Comments

This descriptor specifies a space-separated list of actions to perform when the PDF file is opened, like e.g. popping up the print dialog box automatically, or setting the default zoom level for PDF documents. Any arbitrary identifier can be specified, although these may be PDF viewer specific; Acrobat can take just about any menu item.

See Also
-prince-pdf-output-intent*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-output-intent: auto | url( <filename> )
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-output-intent: url("ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc")
}
Comments

This descriptor is used inside a @prince-pdf at-rule to select the intended output color space of the generated PDF file.

-prince-pdf-page-colorspace*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-page-colorspace: auto | none | rgb | cmyk | gray
Initial value auto
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited no
Examples
                @page {
    -prince-pdf-page-colorspace: cmyk;
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can control the colorspace of pages in the PDF file, which affects blending of transparent content. The keyword auto uses the output intent color space or the destination color space when color conversion is enabled, or falls back to rgb in the absence of a specified output intent.

See Also
-prince-pdf-page-label*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-page-label: auto | <content>
Initial value auto
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page {
    -prince-pdf-page-label: counter(page, lower-roman)
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to set the page label that will be displayed in the PDF viewer.

Several ways of creating content are here defined by means of functions - the detailed explanation can be found in the Generated Content Functions section.

-prince-pdf-page-layout*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-page-layout: auto | single-page | two-page | two-page-left | two-page-right | one-column | two-column | two-column-left | two-column-right
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-page-layout: two-column
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used to set the default page layout for the PDF file when it is opened. For example, whether the PDF pages should be displayed in one or two columns.

See Also
-prince-pdf-page-mode*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-page-mode: auto | show-attachments | show-bookmarks | fullscreen
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-page-mode: show-bookmarks
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used to set the default page mode for the PDF file when it is opened. For example, whether the bookmarks panel should be displayed, and whether the viewer should be fullscreen.

See Also
-prince-pdf-paper-tray*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-paper-tray: auto | pick-tray-by-pdf-size
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-paper-tray: pick-tray-by-pdf-size
}
Comments

This descriptor controls the PickTrayByPDFSize flag in generated PDF files, which specifies whether the PDF page size is used to select the input paper tray. (See the checkbox in the Acrobat print dialog).

See Also
-prince-pdf-print-scaling*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-print-scaling: auto | none
Initial value auto
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-print-scaling: none
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used to disable print scaling for the PDF file when it is printed.

See Also
-prince-pdf-profile*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-profile: none | <Profile>
Initial value none
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-profile: "PDF/X-3:2003"
}
Comments

PDF Profiles are used to optimize the PDF file for its specific use - for more details and the supported PDF profiles, see PDF Versions and Profiles.

-prince-pdf-script*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-script: <JavaScript>
Initial value ""
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-script: "this.print();"
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used to include JavaScript code that will be executed when the PDF file is opened. A common use case is to activate the "Print" dialog automatically.

Starting from Prince 15 this descriptor does not allow for the url() function as an argument - to provide an external file, the command-line option --prince-pdf-script needs to be used instead.

Please be advised that these scripts are dependent on the PDF viewer, and in many cases might only work in Adobe Acrobat products.

See Also
-prince-pdf-tag-type*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-tag-type: auto | Part | Art | Sect | Div | Index | BlockQuote | Caption | TOC | TOCI | P | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 | OL | UL | LI | Lbl | DL | DL-Div | DT | DD | Span | Quote | Table | BibEntry | Code | Figure | Formula | Artifact | Note | Reference | none
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited n/a
Examples
                ul.toc {
  -prince-pdf-tag-type: TOC;
}
.toc li {
  -prince-pdf-tag-type: TOCI;
}
Comments

This property is used to influence tagged PDF for XML vocabularies or when using custom HTML classes. The possible values are PDF tag types.

The special value none can be used to make specific elements (such as e.g. wrapper span or block elements) transparent in a tagged PDF structure tree.

See Also
-prince-pdf-xmp*
Syntax
-prince-pdf-xmp: url( <filename> )
Initial value ""
Applies to @prince-pdf at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @prince-pdf {
    -prince-pdf-xmp: url("xmp-file.xmp");
}
Comments

This descriptor can be used inside a @prince-pdf rule to add XMP metadata to a PDF file. Currently it takes an XMP file as input and includes data from the <x:xmpmeta> element and its contents (the xpacket processing instructions are ignored, as Prince generates those itself when it produces the PDF file).

This descriptor requires either a URL pointing to an XMP file, or an encoded data: URL.

-prince-resize-adjust*
Syntax
-prince-resize-adjust: margin | margin-start | margin-end | padding | padding-start | padding-end
Initial value margin
Applies to block-level boxes
Inherited no
Comments

This property controls where space is added for either -prince-baseline-grid or -prince-resize-options.

The *-start values adjust space before the box’s content, *-end values adjust space after the box’s content, while the plain margin and padding values add half of the space adjustment before and half after.

The initial value is margin, i.e. the requested adjustment is devided equally between top and bottom margin. However, for @footnotes region, Prince by default sets this property to margin-top.

In particular, if a box is split across more than one page, then the adjustment is applied only before the first fragment of that box and/or after the last fragment of that box.

The padding* values adjust space inside the border (if any), while the margin* values adjust space outside of the border.

For the margin* values, there is a difference in behaviour between whether the adjustment is for baseline grid or for pagination flexibility: -prince-resize-options literally changes the used value of the margin properties, so is subject to margin collapsing and margin truncation, and consequently might not affect the resulting collapsed & truncated margin by the full amount.

Whereas baseline grid alignment must add space somewhere, so it might best be described as adding space outside of the border rather than exactly increasing the used value of margin properties: this extra space is not truncated if it occurs immediately after a page break; and if space needs to be added to the last fragment of a box split split across more than one page, then space can be added at padding-end or margin-end even if -prince-resize-adjust is padding-start or margin-start respectively.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-resize-options*
Syntax
-prince-resize-options: none | <length>+
Initial value none
Applies to block-level boxes
Inherited no
Examples
                .chapter>h2 { -prince-resize-options: 1rem; -prince-resize-adjust: padding; }
blockquote { margin: 1rem; -prince-resize-options: -1rem; }
@footnotes { -prince-resize-options: 1rem, 2rem; }
Comments

This property allows Prince for Books to add or remove space around a block-level box in order to influence where unforced page breaks fall within the text, or to avoid an obvious gap at the end of a page.

Where space is changed is specified by the -prince-resize-adjust property.

Unlike the current implementation of baseline grid in Prince for Books, the adjustment is made to the used value of the margin or padding: for example, the adjustment is affected by margin collapsing and margin truncation. If you wish to avoid margin truncation then consider setting -prince-resize-adjust to change padding rather than margin.

If more than one length is given, then earlier lengths are preferred over later lengths: e.g. ‘1rlh, -1rlh’ means that it is better to add space than to remove space.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-rotate-body*
Syntax
-prince-rotate-body: portrait | landscape | <angle>
Initial value 0deg
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page {
    -prince-rotate-body: landscape
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to rotate the page body, e.g. to fit landscape content on a portrait page, while leaving the headers and footers where they are.

The angle value takes multiples of 90deg.

Please see the size property for determining the default orientation of the page.

-prince-shrink-to-fit*
Syntax
-prince-shrink-to-fit: none | auto
Initial value none
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page {
    -prince-shrink-to-fit: auto
}
Comments

Specifying a value of auto will result in wide web pages being scaled down in size to fit the paper width.

The scaling is calculated on the content's width, and not its height.

-prince-spread-length-options*
Syntax
-prince-spread-length-options: none | [ shorten | lengthen ] <length>?
Initial value none
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { -prince-spread-length-options: shorten; }
Comments

This property allows Prince for Books to reduce (or increase) the page content box height of a page and its facing page by the same amount, in order to influence where within the text unforced page breaks fall.

The page padding/border/margin does not change, nor does the page footer move. (Keep this in mind when styling page footers if you set this property to allow lengthening the page content area.)

Aside: This pagination technique is fairly common in novels written in English (about 50% of books not using feathering, and a smaller percentage of books that do use feathering); but is much rarer in novels in other languages. It is of course more common in some other types of book, such as those with space between paragraphs. Of novels in English that do change spread length, most only shorten, a few only lengthen, and a few shorten some spreads while lengthening others (so long as a shortened and a lengthened spread aren't directly adjacent to each other).

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

-prince-table-column-span*
Syntax
-prince-table-column-span: <number> | attr( <colspan> )
Initial value 1
Applies to table cells
Inherited no
Comments

This property applies to table cells and determines the number of table columns spanned by the table cell. See the Tables documentation for more details.

The property table-column-span can be used as an alias.

-prince-table-row-span*
Syntax
-prince-table-row-span: <number> | attr( <rowspan> )
Initial value 1
Applies to table cells
Inherited no
Comments

This property applies to table cells and determines the number of table rows spanned by the table cell. See the Tables documentation for more details.

The property table-row-span can be used as an alias.

-prince-text-justify*
Syntax
-prince-text-justify: auto | prince-cjk
Initial value auto
Applies to text elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property defines how to treat justified text.

The value prince-cjk allows space to be inserted between CJK characters when justifying even if there aren't any space characters.

The property text-justify can be used as an alias.

Specification
-prince-text-replace*
Syntax
-prince-text-replace: none | [ <search> <replace> ]+
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                body {
  -prince-text-replace: "s" "\017F"
                        "\017F\20" "s\20";
}
Comments

This property can be used to replace a character string with another one. In the above example, all occurrences of "s" are replaced with the "long s", except if in the end of a word, where the replacement is reversed.

-prince-text-wrap*
Syntax
-prince-text-wrap: body | heading | title-page | body-greedy | body-lookahead | heading-greedy | heading-lookahead | title-page-greedy | title-page-lookahead | fast
Initial value body
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is used for fine tuning the line breaking approach.

The keyword title-page is intended for title pages of books or chapters, where phrasing considerations are of prime consideration even at the cost of extremely unbalanced lines, or using more lines than are necessary.

The keyword heading, on the other hand, is closer to body, differing mainly in that it's less likely to hyphenate, and is more willing to make the first line(s) a little shorter if doing so avoids a short last line.

The keyword fast can be used for quick web-browser-style line breaking, useful for testing the effect of styling changes that don't depend on good line breaking.

Values other than fast currently have no effect on justified paragraphs.

The *-greedy and *-lookahead variations allow control over whether the choice of where to end a line can be affected by consequences further down the paragraph:

The *-greedy keywords decide on line breaks solely based on the current line and on the length of the next word, never going back to change a decision on a line in the light of line-breaking issues encountered later.

The *-lookahead keywords, on the other hand, enable paragraph-at-a-time line-breaking for the paragraph in a non-justified paragraph: choosing where to end the line not just based on what seems best for the current line, but also considering the effect on future lines. Considering a whole paragraph at once like this would result in better line breaks in most paragraphs; but software is not human, and where it does misjudge, the results might look gratuitously or incomprehensibly bad.

Another difference is that the lookahead versions are noticeably slower (if used for a large proportion of the text in a book).

The default at present is to use paragraph-at-a-time line breaking for heading and title-page, while still using simple line-at-a-time line breaking for body. To those who would usually check and tweak line breaks in ragged text before publication, we suggest that paragraph-at-a-time line breaking will give you a better starting point: 

            body { -prince-line-break-choices: body-lookahead }

For more information on how to influence line breaks, please see Line breaking.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

The property -prince-line-break-choices can be used as an alias.

-prince-tooltip*
Syntax
-prince-tooltip: transparent | none | normal | <content>
Initial value transparent
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Examples
                *[title] {
  -prince-tooltip: attr(title)
}
Comments

The -prince-tooltip property can be used to create a tooltip when hovering an element in the PDF file. The keyword none actually "suppresses" tooltips, which means that it will not show any tooltip for objects underneath the selected element, that might have a tooltip. An empty string, or some content that evaluates to an empty string, is treated equivalent to none, rather than showing an empty tooltip.

Several ways of creating content are here defined by means of functions - the detailed explanation can be found in the Generated Content Functions section.

Tooltips are not a standard PDF feature, and they may only work in Adobe Reader and Adobe Acrobat and may not be visible in other PDF viewers, such as web browsers.

-prince-trim*
Syntax
-prince-trim: auto | <length>{1,4}
Initial value auto
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page {
    -prince-trim: 60mm
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor can be used to specify the size of the trim area of the page when crop marks are enabled.

See Also
-prince-wrap-inside*
Syntax
-prince-wrap-inside: auto | phrase | avoid
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

-prince-wrap-inside:phrase is for marking up a phrase that one would weakly prefer to keep on a single line.

It adds to Prince's perceived cost of breaking within that phrase, but only a small cost, comparable to the cost of hyphenating a compound adjective such as ‘midyear’.

-prince-wrap-inside:avoid is a stronger directive: it avoids breaking the text to which the property is applied even if it causes the affected text to be unusually tight, or the previous line to be unusually loose; but not if either line would become truly exceptionally tightly or loosely spaced.

This property only applies to Prince for Books.

right
Syntax
right: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the right offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

Specification
size
Syntax
size: <paper-size> | <length> <length> [ landscape | portrait ]?
Initial value Letter
Applies to @page at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @page { size: A4 }
              
                @page { size: A4 landscape }
              
                @page { size: Letter }
              
                @page { size: 10cm 5cm }
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor, used with the @page at-rule, defines the size and orientation of the page. Please see also the -prince-rotate-body property to control the orientation of selected pages.

src
Syntax
src: [ url( <filename> ) [ format( [ <format> ]+ ) ]? | local( <name> ) | prince-lookup( <name> ) ]+
Initial value n/a
Applies to @font-face at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @font-face {
    font-family: MyFontA;
    src: local("Local_Font_A");
}
@font-face {
    font-family: MyFontB;
    src: prince-lookup("MyFontA");
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor, used with the @font-face at-rule, specifies the resource containing font data. It is required for the @font-face rule to be valid.

Prince supports WOFF (Web Open Font Format), TrueType and OpenType font formats, expressed respectively by the woff, truetype and opentype format hints with the optional format() function.

The local() function searches for locally installed system fonts, while prince-lookup() will also find fonts defined by other @font-face rules.

See Also
Specification
stop-color
Syntax
stop-color: <color>
Initial value black
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The stop-color property only applies to SVG elements.

See Also
Specification
stop-opacity
Syntax
stop-opacity: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited no
Comments

The stop-opacity property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
string-set
Syntax
string-set: none | [ <ident> <content> ]#
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property can be used to create a named string, which may then be referenced from the content property to create generated content. Typically this is achieved with the content() function, which retrieves the text of the selected element.

But any other means of generating content, as described in the Generated Content Functions section, are available. See also Page regions for more details.

stroke
Syntax
stroke: none | <color> | url( <paint-server> ) [ none | <color> ]?
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-dasharray
Syntax
stroke-dasharray: none | [ <length> | <percent> ]+
Initial value none
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-dasharray property only applies to SVG elements. It takes a comma or whitespace separated list of lengths or percentages as argument.

See Also
Specification
stroke-dashoffset
Syntax
stroke-dashoffset: <length> | <percent>
Initial value 0
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-dashoffset property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-linecap
Syntax
stroke-linecap: butt | round | square
Initial value butt
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-linecap property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-linejoin
Syntax
stroke-linejoin: miter | round | bevel
Initial value miter
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-linejoin property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-miterlimit
Syntax
stroke-miterlimit: <number>
Initial value 4
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-miterlimit property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-opacity
Syntax
stroke-opacity: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-opacity property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
stroke-width
Syntax
stroke-width: <length> | <percent>
Initial value 1
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The stroke-width property only applies to SVG elements.

Specification
table-baseline*
Syntax
table-baseline: <number>
Initial value 1
Applies to inline-table elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property only applies to inline tables, and it determines which row is treated as the baseline for the purposes of vertical alignment. See the Inline tables documentation for more details.

table-column-span*
Syntax
table-column-span: <number> | attr( <colspan> )
Initial value 1
Applies to table cells
Inherited no
Comments

This property applies to table cells and determines the number of table columns spanned by the table cell. See the Tables documentation for more details.

The property -prince-table-column-span can be used as an alias.

table-layout
Syntax
table-layout: auto | fixed
Initial value auto
Applies to table and inline-table elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines whether a table uses automatic table layout or fixed table layout. See the Tables documentation for more details.

Specification
table-row-span*
Syntax
table-row-span: <number> | attr( <rowspan> )
Initial value 1
Applies to table cells
Inherited no
Comments

This property applies to table cells and determines the number of table rows spanned by the table cell. See the Tables documentation for more details.

The property -prince-table-row-span can be used as an alias.

tab-size
Syntax
tab-size: <number> | <length>
Initial value 8
Applies to block containers
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the tab-size for preserved tab characters (U+0009). An integer defines number of spaces in a tab, a length represents the width of a tab.

Please note that Prince replaces preserved tab characters with the specified number of spaces, but does not create actual "tab stops" aligned to the left edge of the block.

Specification
text-align
Initial value start
Applies to block containers
Inherited yes
Comments

The text-align property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

Prince implements a two-value syntax, where the second, optional value allows the last line of an element to receive its own alignment.

Please note that while the property text-align-last is not a Prince extension, allowing it as a second value is a custom extension.

text-align-all
Syntax
text-align-all: start | end | left | right | inside | outside | center | justify
Initial value start
Applies to block containers
Inherited yes
Comments

This property is not usually accessed directly, but rather as a longhand of the text-align property.

It controls the alignment of lines other than the last line of the paragraph.

This property can also be set by the text-align shorthand.

text-align-last
Syntax
text-align-last: auto | start | end | left | right | inside | outside | center | justify
Initial value auto
Applies to block containers
Inherited yes
Comments

This property allows the last line of an element to receive its own alignment style.

This property can also be set by the text-align shorthand.

text-anchor
Syntax
text-anchor: start | middle | end
Initial value start
Applies to SVG elements
Inherited yes
Comments

The text-anchor property only applies to SVG text elements.

Specification
text-decoration
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The text-decoration property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

See Also
Specification
text-decoration-color
Syntax
text-decoration-color: <color>
Initial value currentcolor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property can also be set by the text-decoration shorthand.

See Also
text-decoration-line
Syntax
text-decoration-line: none | [ underline || overline || line-through ]
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

Please note that even though this property is defined as not being inherited, the property's specification gives a much more nuanced explanation - check the specification's chapter Line Decoration: Underline, Overline, and Strike-Through.

This property can also be set by the text-decoration shorthand.

See Also
text-decoration-style
Syntax
text-decoration-style: solid | double | dotted | dashed | wavy
Initial value solid
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property can also be set by the text-decoration shorthand.

See Also
text-indent
Syntax
text-indent: <length-percentage> hanging?
Initial value 0
Applies to block containers
Inherited yes
Comments

This property determines the indentation of the first line of text in the element. If the hanging keyword is added after the length, a hanging indent will be created by applying the indentation to every line of text but the first.

Specification
text-justify*
Syntax
text-justify: auto | prince-cjk
Initial value auto
Applies to text elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property defines how to treat justified text.

The value prince-cjk allows space to be inserted between CJK characters when justifying even if there aren't any space characters.

The property -prince-text-justify can be used as an alias.

Specification
text-line-through
Syntax
text-line-through: <color> || <'text-line-through-style'>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The text-line-through property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

text-line-through-color
Syntax
text-line-through-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
See Also
text-line-through-style
Syntax
text-line-through-style: none | solid | dashed | dotted
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
text-overflow
Syntax
text-overflow: clip | ellipsis
Initial value clip
Applies to block container elements
Inherited no
text-overline
Syntax
text-overline: <color> || <'text-overline-style'>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The text-overline property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

text-overline-color
Syntax
text-overline-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
See Also
text-overline-style
Syntax
text-overline-style: none | solid | dashed | dotted
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
text-shadow
Syntax
text-shadow: none | [ <color>? && <length>{2,3} ]#
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
text-transform
Syntax
text-transform: none | lowercase | uppercase | capitalize
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
See Also
Specification
text-underline
Syntax
text-underline: <color> || <'text-underline-style'>
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Comments

The text-underline property is a shorthand for setting the following CSS properties:

text-underline-color
Syntax
text-underline-color: <color>
Initial value CurrentColor
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
See Also
text-underline-position
Syntax
text-underline-position: auto | [ under || [ left | right ] ]
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
text-underline-style
Syntax
text-underline-style: none | solid | dashed | dotted
Initial value none
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
top
Syntax
top: auto | <length-percentage>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Comments

This property determines the top offset for positioned elements (ie. elements with a position value of relative, absolute or fixed).

Specification
transform
Syntax
transform: none | [ rotate( <angle> ) | translate( <length-percentage>, <length-percentage>? ) | translatex( <length-percentage> ) | translatey( <length-percentage> ) | translate3d( <length-percentage>, <length-percentage>, <length-percentage> ) | scale( <number>, <number>? ) | scalex( <number> ) | scaley( <number> ) | skew( <angle>, <angle>? ) | skewx( <angle> ) | skewy( <angle> ) | matrix( <number>, <number>, <number>, <number>, <number>, <number> ) ]+
Initial value none
Applies to transformable elements
Inherited no
Comments

Please note that the function translate3d() is supported if the Z (third) coordinate is zero, thus making it equivalent to the 2D translate().

Also note that this property currently does not affect SVG elements - they need to use their own transform attribute instead.

transform-origin
Syntax
transform-origin: [ center | left | right | top | bottom | <length-percentage> ]{1,2}
Initial value 50% 50%
Applies to transformable elements
Inherited no
Comments

If only one term is given, then the second is assumed to be center. In particular, if only a percentage or length is given, then it is assumed to be the horizontal coordinate.

Either one or two coordinates can be given, and if both values are given as keywords, order doesn't matter; but if two coordinates are given and either coordinate is a length or percentage, then the horizontal component must come first: so top 50% is not valid, but top and top center and 50% top are all valid and equivalent.

unicode-bidi
Syntax
unicode-bidi: normal | embed | bidi-override
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Specification
unicode-range
Syntax
unicode-range: <urange>+
Initial value U+0-10FFFF
Applies to @font-face at-rule
Inherited n/a
Examples
                @font-face {
    unicode-range: U+0025-00FF;
}
Comments

This CSS at-rule descriptor, used with the @font-face at-rule, defines the set of Unicode codepoints that may be supported by the font face for which it is declared. The descriptor value is a comma-delimited list of Unicode range (<urange>) values. The union of these ranges defines the set of codepoints that serves as a hint for user agents when deciding whether or not to download a font resource needed for the test content of a particular page.

Specification
vertical-align
Syntax
vertical-align: baseline | sub | super | top | text-top | middle | bottom | text-bottom | <length-percentage>
Initial value baseline
Applies to inline-level and table-cell elements
Inherited no
Specification
visibility
Syntax
visibility: visible | hidden
Initial value visible
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

This property can be used to make the content of an element invisible.

Unlike using display: none, the element will still take up space on the page and its descendants may still have visible content.

Specification
white-space
Syntax
white-space: normal | pre | pre-wrap | pre-line | nowrap
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Specification
widows
Syntax
widows: [ [ <integer> | <percent> -prince-full ] [ , -prince-prefer <integer> | <percent> -prince-full ]? ] | -prince-prefer [ <integer> | <percent> -prince-full ]
Initial value 1
Applies to “paragraphs”: block container boxes that establish an inline formatting context
Inherited yes
Comments

If a paragraph is split over two pages or columns, this property determines the minimum number of lines that must be left at the top of the page or column at the end of the paragraph.

The initial value has been changed from 2 to 1.

The following additional features only apply to Prince for Books.

Prince for Books also supports a percentage value followed by the keyword -prince-full, which indicates that one widow line is accepted, as long as the line width is at least the given percentage value of the available page width, to avoid the worst case of having a widow line that is only one or two words long. For more details see Fractional Widows.

In Prince for Books a value can be preceded by the keyword -prince-prefer, which turns the requirement into a preference. An amount preceded by -prince-prefer is a request that Prince for Books will try to satisfy, but not at the cost of introducing an obvious gap at the end of the previous column or page: it will only use whatever flexibility has been granted with -prince-change-line-breaks-for-pagination, -prince-spread-length-options or -prince-resize-options.

The property additionally can take a second, optional, comma-separated value expressed with the additional keyword -prince-prefer. It is useful in case the preference, expressed with the additional keyword, is a bigger amount than the hard requirement expressed in the first value.

width
Syntax
width: auto | min-content | max-content | <length-percentage> | min-content | max-content
Initial value auto
Applies to all elements but non-replaced inline elements, table rows, and row groups
Inherited no
Comments

The values min-content and max-content do not affect auto table layout.

word-break
Syntax
word-break: normal | keep-all | break-all
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Comments

Prince does not support the value break-word. Use the value break-all or the property overflow-wrap with the value break-word instead.

Specification
word-spacing
Syntax
word-spacing: normal | <length-percentage>
Initial value normal
Applies to all elements
Inherited yes
Specification
writing-mode
Syntax
writing-mode: horizontal-tb | vertical-rl
Initial value horizontal-tb
Applies to all elements, except table row groups, table column groups, table rows, table columns, and SVG
Inherited yes
Comments

Please note that this property currently does not apply to SVG.

z-index
Syntax
z-index: auto | <number>
Initial value auto
Applies to positioned elements
Inherited no
Specification
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